Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty

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What Is Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty (ESG)?

Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty (also known as ESG) is an innovative, non-surgical weight loss procedure that can help you lose up to 20% of your body weight. It’s a safe and highly-effective option that rivals traditional bariatric surgery – offering comparable weight loss results without surgery. The endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty procedure reduces the size of your stomach by 70% to 80%, which limits how much you can eat, restricts your calorie intake, and helps you feel full for longer – all resulting in rapid, sustainable weight loss.

The ESG procedure is performed by expert physicians who are highly-trained in gastroenterology and obesity medicine. Using a revolutionary suturing device that enters the body through the mouth, your doctor will place stitches inside the stomach to reduce its size – all without any external incisions or cutting. It differs significantly from bariatric surgery in that it’s non-surgical, requires minimal downtime, and carries an extremely low risk of complications. For patients who have tried diet and exercise for decades without success, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty offers a new way to reach your weight loss goals quickly, under the direction of an expert medical team – for long-term results.

The True You Weight Loss team has performed more ESG procedures than any other weight loss center in the country – helping thousands of patients lose weight and keep it off. Our personalized approach involves supporting you through every step of your weight loss journey. Our caring and compassionate medical and nutrition team will not only help you through your procedural journey, we get to know you on a personal level – understanding your unique challenges, goals and motivations. This helps us develop a plan for long-term weight loss success that is tailored to your specific needs.

Who Is Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty For?

You might be a candidate for ESG if you:

  • Have a body mass index (BMI) of at least 30
  • Have not succeeded with diet and exercise alone
  • Are looking for an alternative to invasive bariatric surgery
  • Do not qualify for gastric bypass surgery for medical reasons
  • Are ready to commit to lifestyle changes for long-term success

The FDA has authorized endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty for men and women aged 21 and over. During your consultation, your True You Weight Loss team will learn more about your personal history, including previous weight loss efforts, medical conditions, and current medications to determine whether the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty might be the right procedure for you.

How Is Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty Performed?

At True You Weight Loss, our highly-experienced team is committed to your success – and that begins long before the day of your procedure.

Before your ESG, your physician may request certain lab tests and will provide detailed instructions for you to follow before your procedure. You will need to fast before your procedure, and you may need to make temporary changes to some of your medications before and after treatment.

ESG is performed under sedation, which means you will be asleep throughout the procedure – which takes less than 60 minutes to complete.

Your physician will use an endoscope to perform your procedure, which is placed in the mouth and down into the stomach. The endoscope is a flexible tube with a camera on the end so your doctor can “see” the treatment area. The endoscope is equipped with a suturing system, which places stitches in the stomach to reduce its size.

ESG changes the shape of the stomach to a tube or sleeve, reducing your stomach’s capacity by approximately 70-80%. The sutures will remain in your body, which allows your stomach tissue to heal around the new shape. Recovery time is minimal, with most patients returning to work and/or regular activities after just two to three days.

How Much Weight Can I Expect To Lose?

ESG is the most effective non-surgical weight loss procedure available today. When combined with a healthy lifestyle, patients lose an average of 20% of total body weight at the one-year mark. Although results can vary for each individual, most of our patients lose 70% or more of their excess weight. Recent data proves that most patients maintain that weight loss for more than two years and typically up to 5 years or more.

Weight loss isn’t the only benefit you will see after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty. Other benefits include:

  • Lower blood pressure
  • Improved cholesterol levels
  • Better regulation of blood sugar
  • Improvement in sleep apnea
  • Improved joint pain and mobility
  • Improved confidence and overall well-being
  • More energy and stamina

Long-term commitment to our program is the single greatest contributor to your success. Maintaining follow-up appointments with your care team, meeting with your dietitian regularly, and incorporating a healthy lifestyle will help you achieve your goals. And, your True You Weight Loss team will be here to support you every step of the way!

Total body weight loss at three months, six months, and 12 months, post-ESG.
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Highest Published Weight Loss at 12 Months

23.1%
True You Weight Loss*
16.5%
Meta Analysis (multiple centers)**
13.6%
MERIT Study (gold-standard)
*James TW, Reddy S, Vulpis T, McGowan CE. Obes Surg. 2020;30(4):1404-1409.
**Hedjoudje A, Abu Dayyeh BK, Cheskin LJ, et al. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(5):1043-1053.

Success Rate

97

%

% of True You patients who lose a minimum of 10% body weight, a key clinical threshold
Maselli DB, Hoff AC, McGowan CE, et al. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2023;15(6):469-479

How Does ESG Compare to the Surgical Sleeve Gastrectomy?

Surgical sleeve gastrectomy is an invasive procedure that involves removing a portion of the stomach. See how this surgery stacks up against the nonsurgical alternative, ESG:

How Does ESG Compare to the Surgical Sleeve Gastrectomy?
ESG
LSG
ESG by True You Weight Loss
Surgical Sleeve
Type of Procedure
Non-surgical (endoscopic)
Surgical
Is Hospitalization Required?
No. Same day procedure
Yes; 1-3 days
Return to Work
2-3 days
1-2 weeks
Average Excess Weight Loss
50-60%
60-70%
Average Total Body Weight Loss
20%
20-30%
Major Complications
Rare (<1%)
2-6% (0.11% mortality)
Reversible?
No
No
Covered by Insurance?
No
Yes (if eligible)

Why Choose True You for ESG?

Bariatric endoscopy is a highly-specialized field of medicine that requires skill, precision, and extensive experience. Endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is a complex and highly-technical procedure – requiring years of advanced training and education. The best doctor for this type of procedure is a gastroenterologist, not a general surgeon. Gastroenterologists use endoscopic tools every day and undergo specialty training, giving them the experience and expertise to handle a procedure as technically challenging as ESG.

The benefits of choosing True You for your ESG include:

Endoscopic Expertise

Complex procedures like ESG require a comprehensive skill set to perform successfully. Dr. Lauren Donnangelo, Dr. Daniel Maselli, and Dr. Christopher McGowan are among the few physicians in the nation who are triple board-certified in internal medicine, gastroenterology, and obesity medicine. They are recognized leaders in the field of endoscopic weight loss, having performed thousands of bariatric endoscopy procedures. Because of this expertise, they are routinely called upon to train and educate other physicians in the technique of endoscopic suturing. True You Weight Loss is the highest-volume endoscopic weight loss center in the United States – which means we’ve performed more procedures than any other practice in the country. This unrivaled level of experience translates to better outcomes, greater weight loss, and long-term success for our patients.

Lifelong Follow-Up

At True You Weight Loss, your procedure day is just the beginning of your journey – and we firmly believe that your follow-up care is just as important as the procedure itself. That’s why we provide a comprehensive team of experts to help you achieve your goals by offering individualized guidance for as long as you need it. We offer motivation, encouragement, and support through every step of your journey – helping you to overcome any obstacles and celebrating all your victories – on and off the scale.

24/7 Physician Access

No matter where you live, you will receive the highest level of concierge care and service from your True You Weight Loss team. All patients are provided with 24/7 direct access to their physician via their personal cell phone, email, and video chat. We have cared for patients from more than 45 states and 10 countries, offering a highly personalized level of care, attention, and support.

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Pricing

The True You ESG

$11,995*

Financing Available*
Starting at $217/Mo.
*Financing offers subject to credit approval and may vary based on individual credit history.
  • Initial Consultation
  • Pre-Procedure Labs
  • Comprehensive Bariatric Nutrition Consultation
  • ESG Procedure (inclusive of all facility, anesthesia, and physician fees)
  • Unlimited Medical Follow-Up
  • 24/7 Direct Physician Access
  • Post-Procedure Nurse Visit With IV Hydration
  • 1 year of one-on-one nutrition counseling

Lifelong Aftercare and Support

You will never feel disconnected from True You following your ESG—in fact, we like to say that we’re connected for life. All follow-up appointments are virtual so whether you have traveled from down the street or across the country, you can talk with us from the comfort of your home, car, or office. You also have direct access to our providers and nutritionists and can call, text, or email at any time. In addition, our private Facebook community allows you to share with others on the same journey as you—it’s a family that will encourage you when you’re down as well as celebrate your successes. Similarly, you will have lifelong access to a monthly virtual support meeting with other patients, led by our providers and nutritionists, which cover a range of topics to help you throughout your weight loss journey.
Self-Pay Pricing

Many of our patients simply don’t want surgery. At the same time, they feel hopeless because the lifestyle modifications of diet and exercise simply aren’t effective. True You provides solutions when you feel as though you’re out of options. While the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty procedure is not covered by insurance, we offer several financing options.

Traveling From Out of State?

Patients have traveled to True You from more than 45 states and 10 countries. Our locations are near international airports for ease of travel and we have made arrangements with several local hotels for your convenience. Please note that all patients must be accompanied by a responsible adult when traveling from out of state.

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Frequently Asked Questions

WHAT IS ENDOSCOPIC SLEEVE GASTROPLASTY?

ESG is an endoscopic, incisionless technique that reduces the size of the stomach through internal suturing. The stomach size is reduced by approximately 70% by internally “plicating” or folding the stomach with stitches. After completion of the procedure, the stomach has a sleeve-like shape, similar to a surgical sleeve gastrectomy.

HOW IS ESG DIFFERENT THAN A SURGICAL SLEEVE GASTRECTOMY?

The key difference is that ESG is non-surgical. There are no incisions. It is performed entirely through the mouth using an endoscopic suturing system (Overstitch). This allows for a fast recovery and healing, as well as a lower rate of adverse effects. The procedure is done on a same-day, outpatient basis. While ESG reduces the size of the stomach to a similar degree as a surgical sleeve gastrectomy, it does not involve removal of any portion of the stomach.

IS ESG AN FDA AUTHORIZED PROCEDURE?

Yes! In July 2022, the Apollo ESG received FDA authorization for the treatment of adults with a body mass index (BMI) between 30 kg/m2 and 50 kg/m2. Previously, the FDA approved the Apollo Overstitch endoscopic suturing system for the non-specific indication of “tissue apposition.” But now the specific ESG procedure is FDA-authorized, based on the proven safety and efficacy results from clinical studies.

HOW MANY SUTURES ARE PLACED IN THE STOMACH?

An average of 5-7 sutures are placed along the greater curve of the stomach. The exact number will vary based on the size and shape of the stomach.

ARE THE SUTURES PERMANENT OR DISSOLVABLE?

The sutures are made out of Prolene (polypropylene), a very durable material. They are not dissolvable and are considered permanent.

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE SUTURES AFTER I HEAL?

Following the ESG procedure, the internal sutures will hold the stomach in the new, sleeve shape, until it fully heals. After the stomach heals, the sutures will remain in the stomach wall. Over time, the stomach stiffens or “fibroses” and tends to stay in its smaller shape. Therefore, the role of the sutures is less important over time. The sutures themselves do not pose any long-term risk to you, and you would not know they are there.

HOW LONG DOES THE PROCEDURE TAKE?

Approximately 30-40 minutes. The procedure is performed under sedation in an endoscopy suite. You will recover for 1-2 hours after the procedure. You will then be discharged home.

WHEN CAN I RETURN TO WORK?

We recommend taking 2-3 days off after the procedure, to rest and recover.

HOW MUCH WEIGHT CAN I LOSE WITH ESG?

Actual weight loss will vary based on starting weight, motivation level, and adherence to our dietary recommendations. Current studies suggest an average of 20% total body weight loss and 60% of excess weight loss. It may take 6-12 months, or more, to lose this amount of weight.

IS THE PROCEDURE PERMANENT?

Once the stomach heals, it should remain in a smaller size and shape long-term. U.S. studies tell us that weight loss after ESG is maintained for up to 5 years. The key to sustaining weight loss is to adhere to the recommended diet and to maintain a regular exercise regimen. We advise that overeating can lead to weight regain and/or failure of the sleeve over time, as with any weight loss procedure.

CAN THE SUTURES COME LOOSE?

When performed correctly, the sutures in an ESG should remain in place and not come loose. However, suture failure has been reported and has been experienced at a very small rate (less than 1%) in our program. If needed, re-suturing can be performed to further tighten the ESG.

WHAT DOES THE “RESTRICTION” FEEL LIKE AFTER ESG?

The feeling of fullness, or restriction, will vary from person to person and will typically change over time. For the first few days to weeks, you will only be able to consume very small amounts of liquids and eventually soft foods at a time. Some patients describe a feeling of indigestion, fullness, or even discomfort when they reach their new capacity. For some patients, this is very obvious and noticeable. For others, it may be subtler. We emphasize the importance of eating slowly to allow your brain to register fullness. After many months, the feeling of fullness will still occur at a much earlier point in a meal, but you should be able to consume a balanced diet with a full variety of healthy foods.

WHAT HAPPENS TO THE PART OF THE STOMACH THAT IS SUTURED?

During ESG, the greater curve of the stomach is stitched together, creating a “thicker” stomach wall in that area. The blood supply remains completely intact. After the stomach heals, it looks like a normal stomach from the inside, albeit smaller. There are no known long-term risks of plicating the stomach in this manner.

CAN YOU SEE THE SUTURES WITH XRAY?

Each suture has a tiny, metallic anchor at its end. These are visible by x-ray. They are inert and do not pose any long-term risk. They are compatible with MRI. They are not detectable by metal detectors.

WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON SIDE EFFECTS?

The most common side effects are upper abdominal pain, bloating, cramping, and sometimes nausea. These are typically mild and treated with pain relievers and anti-nausea medication. Fatigue may occur for 1-2 weeks after the procedure, due to the initially low
caloric intake.

WHAT IS THE RISK OF SERIOUS SIDE EFFECTS?

While the risks related to ESG are far lower than bariatric surgery, there is a 0.5% to 1% risk of serious adverse effect, including bleeding, infection, or injury to the stomach.

AM I A CANDIDATE FOR THIS PROCEDURE?

Anyone who is obese and has not achieved their desired weight loss through diet and exercise is a candidate. There is no specific weight or body mass index (BMI) required for the procedure, though most patients will have a BMI somewhere between 30 and 40. However, this procedure has been performed in individuals with higher BMIs who are not interested in pursuing surgical treatments.

WHO CANNOT HAVE ESG?

The main contraindication to ESG would be the presence of a known stomach problem, such as a stomach ulcer or very large hiatal hernia. Major health problems or bleeding disorders would also be a contraindication.

DOES ESG AFFECT THE HUNGER HORMONE GHRELIN?

Ghrelin is key hormone involved in maintaining body weight. It is produced by the stomach and rises when we have an empty stomach, and decreases after we eat. With the surgical Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy, ghrelin levels remain very low for months, since a large part of the stomach was removed. They then gradually return to normal. In comparison, early studies suggest that ghrelin levels may decrease after ESG, though likely to a lesser degree and for a shorter time. However, because the stomach is smaller after ESG, the amount of food that it takes to “turn off” ghrelin should be significantly less.

WHY DON’T YOU SUTURE THE TOP OF THE STOMACH?

With ESG, the top of the stomach (called the Fundus) is left intact. This part of the stomach has a very thin wall and is close to other organs (such as the spleen, diaphragm, and lungs) and therefore suturing in this area is felt to be higher risk. By leaving the fundus intact, the stomach configuration after ESG looks more like a small pouch sitting atop a narrow sleeve. This is different than the Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG), which creates a long, narrow tube. The stomach in ESG tends to be more scrunched up and pouch-like, due to the plication that is performed.

CAN I EXERCISE OR LIFT WEIGHTS AFTER ESG?

Yes. There are no specific lifting restrictions immediately after ESG. However, we recommend starting first with light walking, even as soon as the day of your procedure. This helps with the recovery and passage of gas. Once you are meeting your protein and fluid goals on a consistent basis, you can begin to exercise more intensely. We generally recommend avoiding very strenuous exercise for 3-4 weeks, as your caloric intake may be too low to support this at first (you may get tired). After the first month, you should be able to do any form of exercise without limitation.

IS IT OK TO GET PREGNANT AFTER ESG?

After you have healed and recovered from your procedure, it is safe to become pregnant, though we generally recommend waiting a minimum of 6 months before trying to get pregnant. We advise patients that fertility may increase after ESG, due to the metabolic improvements associated with weight loss.

WHAT HAPPENS IF I DON’T LOSE AS MUCH WEIGHT AS I WANT, OR IF MY WEIGHT LOSS IS SLOWER THAN EXPECTED?

We will closely monitor your progress following the ESG procedure, to ensure that your weight loss is on track. It is very common and expected to have periods of slower weight loss during the 12-month process. If, despite optimizing your diet and exercise, you still need further assistance, we may recommend weight loss medications (pharmacotherapy). This would be provided under the guidance of your treating physician. These medications can greatly enhance your weight loss, when used in conjunction with the ESG procedure.

CAN THE ESG PROCEDURE BE REPEATED?

Yes. If the initial procedure was not completely successfully, it can be safely repeated or tightened.

IF I DON’T SUCCEED WITH ESG, COULD I GO ON TO HAVE BARIATRIC SURGERY?

Yes. Patients have safely converted to surgical procedures (such as gastric bypass, vertical sleeve gastrectomy, or duodenal switch) in select instances.

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Frequently Asked Questions About ESG

How is endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty different than a surgical sleeve gastrectomy?

The key difference is that endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is non-surgical. There are no incisions. It is performed entirely through the mouth using an endoscopic suturing system (Endomina). This allows for a fast recovery and healing, as well as a lower rate of adverse effects. The procedure is done on a same-day, outpatient basis. While ESG reduces the size of the stomach to a similar degree as a surgical sleeve gastrectomy, it does not involve the removal of any portion of the stomach.

The aim of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is the same as that of surgical gastric sleeve, that is, to reduce the stomach size by 60-70%. However, ESG has some potential benefits over surgical sleeve gastrectomy:

1. ESG is safer: Sleeve gastrectomy involves cutting the stomach and stapling the ends (hence the name sleeve gastrectomy, -ectomy means removal). This can give rise to serious complications such as bleeding and leaks along the staple line.  In ESG, the stomach is sutured from the inside and is not cut. Thus, the risk of major complications is very low.
2. ESG is minimally invasive: With sleeve gastrectomy, a surgeon has to make multiple cuts on the abdominal wall to access the stomach. These later become scars. ESG is an endoscopic procedure; no external cuts or incisions are needed.
3. ESG is an outpatient procedure: ESG does not require hospitalization. It can be done in an outpatient clinic and you can go home the same day. With laparoscopic or surgical gastrectomy, you would need to spend at least a day or two in the hospital.         
4. ESG enables faster recovery: As ESG requires no cutting of the abdominal muscles, the recovery is fast, and you can return to work and your daily chores within 2-3 days post-procedure. With sleeve gastrectomy, you might need to rest for more than 2-3 weeks.

Learn more about the differences between ESG and sleeve gastrectomy.

Is endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty an FDA-authorized procedure?

Yes! In July 2022, the Apollo ESG received FDA authorization for the treatment of adults with a body mass index (BMI) between 30 kg/m2 and 50 kg/m2. Previously, the FDA approved the Apollo Overstitch endoscopic suturing system for the non-specific indication of “tissue apposition.” But now the specific ESG procedure is FDA-authorized, based on the proven safety and efficacy results from clinical studies.

How much does endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty cost?

At True You, we believe the cost of endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty should be transparent and all-inclusive so you know exactly how much you will pay. The True You ESG features a set price of $11,995, which includes services like your initial consultation and labs, 24/7 direct physician access, unlimited medical follow-up, and one full year of one-on-one nutrition counseling. 

Since ESG is not covered by insurance at this time, we also provide several financing options to help make your weight loss treatment affordable for you.

How long does the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty procedure take?

Approximately 30-40 minutes. The procedure is performed under anesthesia in an endoscopy suite. You will recover for 1-2 hours after the procedure. You will then be discharged home.

When can I return to work after the ESG procedure?

We recommend taking 2-3 days off after the procedure, to rest and recover.

Is endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty permanent?

Once the stomach heals, it should remain in a smaller size and shape long-term. U.S. studies tell us that weight loss after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty is maintained for up to 5 years. The key to sustaining weight loss is to adhere to the recommended diet and to maintain a regular exercise regimen. We advise that overeating can lead to weight regain and/or failure of the sleeve over time, as with any weight loss procedure.

Can I exercise or lift weights after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty?

Yes. There are no specific lifting restrictions immediately after ESG. However, we recommend starting first with light walking, even as soon as the day of your procedure. This helps with the recovery and passage of gas. Once you are meeting your protein and fluid goals consistently, you can begin to exercise more intensely. We generally recommend avoiding very strenuous exercise for 3-4 weeks, as your caloric intake may be too low to support this at first (you may get tired). After the first month, you should be able to do any form of exercise without limitation.

Is it ok to get pregnant after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty?

After you have healed and recovered from your procedure, it is safe to become pregnant, though we generally recommend waiting a minimum of 6 months before trying to get pregnant. We advise patients that fertility may increase after ESG, due to the metabolic improvements associated with weight loss.

What happens if I don’t lose as much weight as I want, or if my weight loss is slower than expected?

We will closely monitor your progress following the ESG procedure, to ensure that your weight loss is on track. It is very common and expected to have periods of slower weight loss during the 12-month process. If, despite optimizing your diet and exercise, you still need further assistance, we may recommend weight loss medications (pharmacotherapy). This would be provided under the guidance of your treating physician. These medications can greatly enhance your weight loss when used in conjunction with the ESG procedure.

Can the endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty procedure be repeated?

Yes. If the initial procedure is not completely successful, it can be safely repeated or tightened.

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